See all examples for details on how to construct references for specific resources such as books, journals and web pages.
For electronic works that do not have a DOI or a directly linking URL, the reference should be the same as the reference for a printed version of the work. Database names and URLs for items in academic research databases should not be included in references, except for databases such as Cochrane, ERIC and Factiva that include works of limited circulation - for these items include the name of the database and the URL for the specific work. It is not necessary to include the words "Retrieved from" before a URL. DOIs are now given in the following format:. Include the issue number in parentheses immediately after the volume number, for all journals that have an issue number. Place of publication is no longer included in references. For works by more than 20 authors, include the names of the first 19 authors followed by an ellipsis (.) and then the final author's name. Reference list entries for works by up to and including 20 authors should include all authors’ names. Multiple authors - in text citations for three or more authors should include the name of the first author only, followed by et al. Significant changes from the 6 th edition to 7 th edition: There are both significant and minor changes in the new edition. This guide has been modified to reflect updates to the APA referencing style published in the 7 th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2020). the list at the end of your work of all the sources you refer to) 
in the work / assignment/ essay you are writing) With anything that you have read, used and referred to in your academic writing, you must: There are two components in the APA referencing style: in-text citations and their corresponding reference list entries. This form of writing research papers is used mainly in the social sciences, like psychology, anthropology, sociology, as well as education and other fields. APA referencing style is an author-date referencing system published by the American Psychological Association.
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